Improvement in gas-burners



3 Sheets-$heet 1.

A. M. SILIBER.

GAS-BURNER.

Patented Nov. 23,1875.

jumr

- NPETERS. PHorumnosRAPnEn. WASHINGTON. D c.

3 SheetsSheet 2.

A. M. SILBER. GAS-BURNER.

Patented Novi. 23,1875.

N-PETERS. PHQTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D C,

. lar gas-passage.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT M. SILBER, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

IMPROVEMENT IN GAS-BURNERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 170,407, dated November23, 1875; application filed I October 19, 1875.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ALBERT MARGIUS SIL- BER,of London, England, have invented certain Improvements in Gas-Burners,of which the following is a specification:

This invention relates to an improvement ii constructing burners for thecombustion of gas, (similar to those for burning oil or othercombustible liquid, for which I obtained Letters of the United StatesNo. 136,104, dated 18th February, 1873,) so that the desired-combustionis effected in a regulated manner, and a steady, uniform, and powerfulflame is obtained, of greater brilliancy and intensity than has hithertobeen produced with a like consumption of gas by means of any knownburners, thus making the gas far more available for illuminatingpurposes and heatingpurposes than when ordinary burners are used.

I am aware that various plans have been heretofore proposed forsupplying atmospheric air to the flame produced by the combustion ofhydrocarbon gas but in none of them, as far as my knowledge goes, haveproper means been employed for regulating the supply of air so that itis fed to the flame in the proper quantity and at the proper place orplaces. I have discovered that unless the supply of air is fed so as tobe regulated and adjusted to suit the particular burner and body offlame proposed to be maintained the best light which a given supply ofgas is capable of affording is. not obtained, whereas when those pointsare provided for by using burners constructed in the manner hereinafterexplained the best light is obtained which the combustion of a givenquantity of hydrocarbon gas is capable of producing when burned inatmospheric air.

In carrying out my invention for cylindrical or annular burners, similarto what are known as Argand burners, I employ in the interior of theburner air-feeding passages or air-tubes concentric with the annular gaspassage through which the gas flows to the point of ignition, and I alsoemploy one or more airfeeding passages on the outside of the annu- Oaremust be taken that the supply of atmospheric airfed through the internalpassages is about equal to the supply fed through the external passages.Hence,

the gas passes in its own annular conduit through and between otherconduits containing moving columns, cushions, or currents of airsupplied to the flame both internally and externally thereof, so that asufficient quantity of oxygen from the atmospheric air is introduced toobtain a regular, intense, and steady flame. the central internalcurrent of air shall be fed to the flame at a higher point than theannular current that surrounds it.

For the purpose of producing a proper condition of combustion, Isometimes lit, in some cases, over the upper end of the burner providedwith the above internal and external air'passages a cap, dome, or cone,which has a slit or other opening at top for the passage of the gasunder ignition or combustion. The air thus reaches the flame before orwhile it emerges into the atmosphere, and what may be described as aheating-chamber is obtained below the point of combustionthat is to say,around or on the sides of the root of the flame.

The accompanying drawings show my improved burner.

Similar letters mark similar parts in all the figures.

The feathered arrows indicate the direction of the air. The plain arrowsmark the direction of the flow of the gas to be burned.

Figure l is an elevation; Fig. 2, vertical section; and Fig. 3 is a planof my burner.

A is the body of the burner--that is to say, the annular or tubularpassage through which the gas flows to be ignited or consumed at theupper end.

Gas is supplied to this passage through the pipe a. The top of the bodyof the burner A is pierced with holes for the emission and ignition ofthe gas, such holes being formed and arranged in a circular row ordisposition, as is usual with what are called Argand or annular burners.O is an air-tube or air-passage within and concentric with the body ofthe burner A. This passage is fed with atmospheric air through anopening, at, at the lower part or case or shell of the burner, and itsupplies such air to the gas-flame internally thereof. Between theair-tube O and the body A a space, 61 is left, which forms an annular orcylindrical air-passage outside and concentric with the air-tube O. F-isa tube It is sometimes convenient that 1 outsideof the body of theburner A, and con centric therewith. It forms What may be described asan upper outer shell or'casing for the burner. The tube F is of largerdiameter than the body of the burner A, so that there is an annularspace, f, between the tube F and the burner body A, .which space f formsan air-passage concentric with and external of the burner, so that airpasses through. it to the outer surface of the flame.

Air is supplied to this passage f through a space at the bottom of thetube F. Thus the gas and the flame emerging from the burner are betweentwo columns, currents, or moving cushions of atmospheric air. His anannular cap of convex, conical, or dome'shape form, fitted on the tube Fso as to come to a level higher than that of the level of the burnerbody A. There is a central opening at the top of this cap H for thepassage of the air and of the gas-flame. by a rim seat or gallery M,carrying brackets N, from which rise springy arms a, which retain thechimney in place. The chimney L is shown at Fig. 9. q are abutments orbuttresses on the outside of the tube F, opposite the springy arms a,which precludes the chimney from coming into contact with the tube F.Atmospheric air passes inside the chimney, through the annular spaceleft between the seat M and the tube F. s are struts or stays whichconnect the tube 0 with the burner A.

The other figures are burners of like arran gement with modifications ofform.

In all these figures, as before stated, similar letters mark similarparts.

Fig. 1 is an elevation, Fig. 2", a vertical section, and Fig. 3 a plan,of the burner.

Here a tube, B, concentric with the tube 0, is used for the air-passaged". b 0 are air-supply openings, being slots at the bottom of the tubesB G.

In Fig. 4, elevation, Fig. 5, transverse vertical section, and Fig. 6,horizontal section on line as y of Fig. 4, E is a support for thechimney, having orifices e at bottom. for the passage of atmospheric airto the space f. In Fig. 7, elevation, and Fig. 8, vertical section, theair-tube O is bell-mouthed at top, and rises higher than the burner bodyA. In Fig. 9, elevation, the chimney L is broken away at parts; and Fig.10, plan, a support, M, for the chimney is shown pierced with orificesm, disposed circularly for the passage of atmospheric air to cool thechimney. t are metal blocks,

or projections, fixed to the support M. The chimney stands on theseblocks, so that it does not come into actual contact with the perforatedsurface of the support M.

The chimney is held The internal air-feeding passages used with l myburners may, in some cases be disposed otherwise than in a circularform.

. The invention may be apphed to oval or othercurvilinear-shaped,burners,to rectangular, or triangular, or polygonalburners; but I do not recommend the use of burners other than of thecircular form.

It may be observed that, although the proportions of the parts formingthe burner will necessarily be modified in accordance with any variationin size of burner .that it may be requisite to make to serve anyspecialobject, and, although, as will be evident to practical persons, theproportions of the parts need not be altered in a fixed ratio,1so thatthey cannot be given according to anyfixed scale, yet it will, in allcases, be possible to. produce the best light from a given supplyof;

gas, it care be taken that the parts be so pro portioned that a propersupply of atmospheric air be provided at the proper part of the flame,as hereinbefore explained.

My improved burners are considerablylonger in the body than burners inordinary fuse for: burning gas.

In order to produce a powerful light or intense heat I sometimescombineytwo, three,

or moreconcentric annular gas-passages in the same burner, in a mannersomewhat; similar to that in which concentric tubesor wick-holders arecombined and disposed in, lamps of light-houses, the gas-passagesbeing,of course,

combined with air-feeding passages injmannerf '1. The gas-burner, inwhich air-ifeeding 1 passages G d f are combined, substantially in themanner and for the purposes described and. shown, respectively, in thefiguyes, inclusively. j

2. The combination, with. air-feeding tubes or passages, disposed asdescribed, of a cap or dome, H, of conical, semi-spherical, or otherconvex shape, in the manner and for the purpose described.

A. M. siLBER.

. Witnesses:

J. HASKELL, E. DE Pass.

If this be done, an effective combustion of the gas will result, 3 suchas I secure by my improved burners. a

In this case I find it advantageous

